Debt to Asset Ratio (2024)

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  1. What is Debt to Asset Ratio?
  2. Debt to Asset Ratio Formula
  3. How to Calculate Debt to Assets Ratio?
  4. Uses of Debt to Assets Ratio
  5. Interpretation of Debt to Assets Ratio
  6. Limitation of Using Debt to Assets Ratio

What is Debt to Asset Ratio?

The debt to asset ratio shows what percentage of a company’s assets are financed by debt rather than equity. The ratio is used to assess a company’s financial risk. It essentially depicts how a business has grown and acquired assets over time. Companies can raise capital by attracting investors, making profits to buy their own assets, or accumulating debt. In most circ*mstances, the first two are obviously preferable.

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It examines how much of the company’s resources are owned by shareholders in the form of equity and creditors in the form of debt to determine how leveraged the company is. This ratio is used by both creditors and investors to make business decisions.

Debt to Asset Ratio Formula

Debt to Assets Ratio = Total Liabilities / Total Assets

Modified Debt to Assets Ratio = Total Liabilities / Total Tangible Assets

How to Calculate Debt to Assets Ratio?

The following illustration demonstrates the calculation of Debt to Assets Ratio using both the methods.

ParticularsAmount
Tangible AssetsRs 12,00,000
Intangible AssetsRs 6,00,000
Short Term LiabilitiesRs 4,00,000
Long Term LiabilitiesRs 7,00,000
Total Assets
(Tangible Assets + Intangible Assets)
Rs 18,00,000
(Rs 12,00,000 + Rs 6,00,000)
Total Liabilities
(Short Term Liabilities + Long Term Liabilities)
Rs 11,00,000
(Rs 4,00,000 + Rs 7,00,000)
Debt to Assets Ratio
(Total Liabilities / Total Assets)
0.61 Times
(Rs 11,00,000 / Rs 18,00,000)
Since the ratio is less than 1, it suggests that the company has debts 0.61 times of its assets.
Modified Debt to Assets Ratio
(Total Liabilities / Total Tangible Assets)
0.92 Times
(Rs 11,00,000 / Rs 12,00,000)
With the modified ratio, the company has funded its debts by its assets 0.92 times.
This ratio is quite near to 1.
With just Rs 1,00,000 more in liabilities and no change in assets, the company will just be able to fund its liabilities with no surplus.
However, many other factors must be considered along with other ratio analysis

Uses of Debt to Assets Ratio

Investors want to know that the company is solvent. The company must have enough funds to cover its existing obligations and is profitable enough to pay them back. Creditors, on the other hand, are interested in knowing how much debt the company currently. This is because they are concerned about collateral and repayment ability. If the company has already leveraged all of its assets and is already struggling to make its monthly payments, the lender is unlikely to grant extra loans.

You can also check our article on What is Operating Profit Ratio?

Interpretation of Debt to Assets Ratio

A high ratio suggests that debt is used to fund a significant share of assets. On the other hand, a low ratio indicates that equity is used to fund the majority of assets.

A ratio equal to 1 indicates that the company’s liabilities are equal to its assets. It implies that the business is extremely leveraged. If the ratio is less than 1, the company has more assets than liabilities. The company can fund its liabilities by selling assets if need be. The lower the debt-to-asset ratio, the better it is for the company.

A ratio greater than 1 also implies that a company is putting itself at risk of not being able to repay its obligations. Such a risk is particularly worrisome if the company is in a highly cyclical industry with fluctuating cash flows. If a company’s debt is liable to rapid rises in interest rates, as is the case with variable-rate debt, it may be at risk of default.

Analysts must track the debt to asset ratio on a trend line over a period. A rising trend implies that a company is reluctant or unable to pay off its debt. This rising trend could lead to a default and possible insolvency in the future.

Lenders may impose contractual terms that drive excess cash flow into debt repayment and limits on alternate uses of funds. Moreover, with a strong hold, investors may add a to infuse additional equity into the company to address this issue. Such extreme measures by investors and lenders are common under the circ*mstances of continuous default and near threat of insolvency.

Learn: Types of Ratio Analysis

Limitation of Using Debt to Assets Ratio

Total Assets

The Debt to Assets Ratio does not provide an analysis of asset quality and reliability. It takes into consideration all tangible and intangible assets while calculating the ratio. The intangible assets include goodwill, patent, trademarks, and so on. Such assets are either valued by third party agencies or by the company. Such valuation of these intangible assets could be overvalued or undervalued. These valuations directly impact the ratio and its interpretation. Hence, it is prudent to understand each line item under the heading assets in the balance sheet and its valuation methods.

Total Liabilities

The Debt to Assets Ratio considers total debts outstanding. While considering the total debts, the ratio disregards the due date for payment of these debts, the settlement factors, and contractual terms. Many debts might not have a due payment in the near future and the company might have plans to fund its debt as and when they mature for payment.

For example- a company might have taken a loan for expansion which is due to repayment or interest payment after 5 years. The company plans to fund these payments with its increased revenue streams. Another example of such a situation is wherein the settlement and contractual terms result in a renegotiation of the loan amount. Many banks provide a renegotiation of these terms and provide either a longer payment schedule or lower the loan amount in exchange for higher interest rates or immediate payments. These terms result in lowering the ratio.

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Debt to Asset Ratio (2024)

FAQs

Debt to Asset Ratio? ›

Signal: Under . 5 or 50% is better; over 1.0 or 100% would indicate that liabilities exceed assets, which is not desirable; upward trend may be cause for concern. Calculation: Total liabilities may also be divided by total income or total capital for a different emphasis.

Is a 50% debt to asset ratio good? ›

Signal: Under . 5 or 50% is better; over 1.0 or 100% would indicate that liabilities exceed assets, which is not desirable; upward trend may be cause for concern. Calculation: Total liabilities may also be divided by total income or total capital for a different emphasis.

What does an 80% debt to assets ratio mean? ›

This means that 80% of Company B's assets are financed by debt, which indicates that the company has a higher risk of defaulting on its loans.

What does the debt to assets ratio equal? ›

The total funded debt — both current and long term portions — are divided by the company's total assets in order to arrive at the ratio.

What is a 60% debt to assets ratio? ›

If a company's debt to assets ratio was 60 percent, this would mean that the company is backed 60 percent by long term and current portion debt. Most companies carry some form of debt on its books.

Is a debt ratio of 75% bad? ›

Interpreting the Debt Ratio

If the ratio is over 1, a company has more debt than assets. If the ratio is below 1, the company has more assets than debt. Broadly speaking, ratios of 60% (0.6) or more are considered high, while ratios of 40% (0.4) or less are considered low.

Is a 30% debt to asset ratio good? ›

By calculating the ratio between your income and your debts, you get your “debt ratio.” This is something the banks are very interested in. A debt ratio below 30% is excellent. Above 40% is critical. Lenders could deny you a loan.

Can debt to asset ratio be over 100? ›

A company's debt ratio can be calculated by dividing total debt by total assets. A debt ratio of greater than 1.0 or 100% means a company has more debt than assets while a debt ratio of less than 100% indicates that a company has more assets than debt.

What is a bad debt to asset ratio? ›

In general, many investors look for a company to have a debt ratio between 0.3 and 0.6. From a pure risk perspective, debt ratios of 0.4 or lower are considered better, while a debt ratio of 0.6 or higher makes it more difficult to borrow money.

What is the best debt to asset ratio? ›

In general, a ratio around 0.3 to 0.6 is where many investors will feel comfortable, though a company's specific situation may yield different results.

What is a healthy ratio for the debt to assets ratio? ›

A lower debt ratio indicates that a company is less risky. If the value of debts to asset ratio is more than 1, it indicates that liabilities or debts are more than assets, and it can result in bankruptcy in the near future and it will be very risky to invest in such a company.

What is a good debt to asset ratio for a family? ›

If the current assets of a household are more than twice the current liabilities, then that household is generally considered to have good short‐term financial strength.

How to improve debt to asset ratio? ›

To bring your Debt to Assets Ratio into range, assets have to increase or debt has to decrease. Increasing assets will often require a loan (more debt), new investors, or more importantly, retained earnings. New investors come with strings attached, but can often provide immediate improvement in Debt to Assets.

What is the difference between debt ratio and debt to asset ratio? ›

The debt ratio, also known as the “debt to asset ratio”, compares a company's total financial obligations to its total assets in an effort to gauge the company's chance of defaulting and becoming insolvent.

What is the rule of thumb for debt ratio? ›

Debt-to-income ratio of 36% or less

With a DTI ratio of 36% or less, you probably have a healthy amount of income each month to put towards investments or savings. Most lenders will see you as a safe bet to afford monthly payments for a new loan or line of credit.

What is a good debt to worth ratio? ›

Generally, a good debt-to-equity ratio is anything lower than 1.0. A ratio of 2.0 or higher is usually considered risky.

Is a debt ratio of 50 good? ›

Your debt-to-income (DTI) ratio is how much money you earn versus what you spend. It's calculated by dividing your monthly debts by your gross monthly income. Generally, it's a good idea to keep your DTI ratio below 43%, though 35% or less is considered “good.”

Is a 50% debt-to-income ratio good? ›

Key takeaways

Most lenders see DTI ratios of 36% as ideal. Approval with a ratio above 50% is tough. The lower the DTI the better, not just for loan approval but for a better interest rate.

What does a debt ratio of 50% mean? ›

A good debt ratio is usually below 0.50 or 50% This means the company's assets are mainly funded by equity instead of debt. However you should research the industry average to get a full picture.

Is 50% debt-to-equity ratio good? ›

The optimal debt-to-equity ratio will tend to vary widely by industry, but the general consensus is that it should not be above a level of 2.0. While some very large companies in fixed asset-heavy industries (such as mining or manufacturing) may have ratios higher than 2, these are the exception rather than the rule.

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